This federation was formed in 1966 with the purpose of coordinating the activities of different Hand Surgery Societies worldwide to increase and disseminate knowledge. It is governed by the development of significant projects for international cooperation and the advancement of the specialty in underdeveloped countries.

The Society encompasses all hand surgery federations globally. It is the most prestigious body and is chaired by American Daniel Nagle and Secretary-General David Warwick, with members from countries such as China, Australia, Colombia, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Mexico.